STUDY ON THE MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS, DISTRIBUTION, AND REGENERATION OF ARDISIA SYLVESTRIS PITARD IN CUC PHUONG NATIONAL PARK

Abstract

Ardisia sylvestris Pitard belonging to the family Myrsinaceae, is a native plant species widely distributed in tropical moist forests of Vietnam. This species holds high medicinal value and is commonly used in traditional medicine to treat stomach disorders, ulcers and to support digestion. This paper provides scientific information on the morphology and distribution of A. sylvestris in Cuc Phuong National Park. The research results show that, in terms of morphological characteristics, A. sylvestris reaches an average height of 0.5 - 3.0 m and usually grows monopodially. The stem is smooth, glabrous, with light gray bark; the creeping rhizome has a spongy hollow structure. Leaves are concentrated at the top of the stem. Flowers are arranged in clusters, 10 - 15 cm long; the main axis bears 4 - 6 secondary axes, each carrying 5 - 10 flowers grouped into umbels. In terms of distribution, the habitat where A. sylvestris grows has a cool and humid climate year-round, with an average temperature of about 22.5°C. Relative humidity is high and fairly stable throughout the year, averaging 85%. Average rainfall 1680 mm. Soil bulk density varies between 1.06 and 1.15; the topsoil is rich in humus and moist. Soil depth exceeds 70 cm; soil texture ranges from light to medium and heavy loam, with low stone content, good water infiltration and drainage. Soil pH ranges from slightly acidic to highly acidic. The number of A. sylvestris individuals recorded ranges from 50 to 380 trees per ha, with the highest density found in moist rich forest types (IIIA2, IIIB), where canopy cover and soil moisture are high. The species regenerates by seeds, mainly of quality grade A.