NGHIÊN CỨU ĐÁNH GIÁ ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA LIỀU LƯỢNG KALI VÀ THỜI ĐIỂM THU HOẠCH ĐẾN NĂNG SUẤT VÀ CHẤT LƯỢNG HẠT GIỐNG KIM TIỀN THẢO (Desmodium styracifolium (Osbeck) Merr.)

Abstract

Desmodium styracifolium (Osbeck) Merr. is a valuable medicinal plant with several pharmacological applications, particularly in treating kidney stones and promoting diuresis. A study was conducted in 2023 at the National Research Center for Medicinal Plant Germplasm and Breeding - National Institute of Medicinal Materials. The research aimed to evaluate the effects of different potassium fertilizer rates and seed harvesting methods on seed yield and quality. The experiment involved four potassium fertilization treatments arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) and three harvesting methods. Results indicated that the PB2 treatment (comprising 130 kg N + 80 kg P₂O₅ + 100 kg K₂O) proved most effective seed production, achieving a yield of 326.94 kg/ha. This treatment also had high filled seed ratio (79.5%), a 1,000 -seed weight of 1.647 g, and a germination rate of 74.7%. Furthermore, harvesting when 2/3 of the fruits were ripe yielded the highest seed production (352.79 kg/ha) and the greatest 1,000 - seed weight (1.660 g) and a germination rate of 77.02%. The study suggests that combining PB2 fertilization with harvesting at 2/3 fruit ripeness effectively enhances both the yield and quality of D. styracifolium seeds.