USING MULTIPLEX RT - PCR FOR DETECTION OF Cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV) AND Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV) IN Cymbidium ORCHIDS

Abstract

Cymbidium orchids, belonging to the Orchidaceae family, are an orchid group with high economic value and are among the most popular orchids on the market. Currently, diseases caused by viruses pose a major challenge for orchid producing and exporting countries. Cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV) and Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV) are two common viruses that cause harm to orchids, including Cymbidium. The purpose of this study was to quickly and accurately detect both CymMV and ORSV on Cymbidium orchids using Multiplex RT - PCR. The results showed that a total of 44 out of 48 Cymbidium orchid samples were infected with the virus, resulting in an infection rate of 91.6%. Of these, 43 out of 48 Cymbidium orchid samples were infected with CymMV (89.5%). In contrast, only 1 Cymbidium orchid sample was infected with ORSV (0.2%), only 1 sample was infected with both ORSV and CymMV (0.2%). Furthermore, 4 out of 48 (0.83%) samples were not infected with either ORSV or CymMV. The results indicated that CymMV-infected orchids showed necrotic sunken lesions, round black spots, black necrotic streaks, chlorotic streaking on leaves, while ORSV-infected orchids exhibited symptoms of stripped mosaic, diamond mottle, ringspots on leaves. These archived results provide useful additional information about viruses affecting orchids, particularly Cymbidium orchids.